Mechanism of Drug Addiction in the Brain, Animation. Alila Medical Media Alila Medical Media

Mechanism of Drug Addiction in the Brain, Animation. Alila Medical Media Alila Medical Media Subscribed34,078 Add to Share More 179,621 views 759 13 ShareEmbedEmail https://youtu.be/NxHNxmJv2bQ Start at: 1:11 Published on Sep 10, 2014 This video and other related images/videos (in HD) are available for instant download licensing here : http://www.alilamedicalmedia.com/-/ga... Voice by: Khoi Dao https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUVw... http://www.khoidaovoice.com/ ©Alila Medical Media. All rights reserved. All images/videos by Alila Medical Media are for information purposes ONLY and are NOT intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Addiction is a neurological disorder that affects the reward system in the brain. In a healthy person, the reward system reinforces important behaviors that are essential for survival such as eating, drinking, sex, and social interaction. For example, the reward system ensures that you reach for food when you are hungry, because you know that after eating you will feel good. In other words, it makes the activity of eating pleasurable and memorable, so you would want to do it again and again whenever you feel hungry. Drugs of abuse hijack this system, turning the person’s natural needs into drug needs. The brain consists of billions of neurons, or nerve cells, which communicate via chemical messages, or neurotransmitters. When a neuron is sufficiently stimulated, an electrical impulse called an action potential is generated and travels down the axon to the nerve terminal. Here, it triggers the release of a neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft - a space between neurons. The neurotransmitter then binds to a receptor on a neighboring neuron, generating a signal in it, thereby transmitting the information to that neuron. The major reward pathways involve transmission of the neurotransmitter dopamine from the ventral tegmental area – the VTA - of the midbrain to the limbic system and the frontal cortex. Engaging in enjoyable activities generates action potentials in dopamine-producing neurons of the VTA. This causes dopamine release from the neurons into the synaptic space. Dopamine then binds to and stimulates dopamine-receptor on the receiving neuron. This stimulation by dopamine is believed to produce the pleasurable feelings or rewarding effect. Dopamine molecules are then removed from the synaptic space and transported back in to the transmitting neuron by a special protein called dopamine-transporter. Most drugs of abuse increase the level of dopamine in the reward pathway. Some drugs such as alcohol, heroin, and nicotine indirectly excite the dopamine-producing neurons in the VTA so that they generate more action potentials. Cocaine acts at the nerve terminal. It binds to dopamine-transporter and blocks the re-uptake of dopamine. Methamphetamine – a psychostimulant – acts similarly to cocaine in blocking dopamine removal. In addition, it can enter the neuron, into the dopamine-containing vesicles where it triggers dopamine release even in the absence of action potentials. Different drugs act different way but the common outcome is that dopamine builds-up in the synapse to a much greater amount than normal. This causes a continuous stimulation, maybe over-stimulation of receiving neurons and is responsible for prolonged and intense euphoria experienced by drug users. Repeated exposure to dopamine surges caused by drugs eventually de-sensitizes the reward system. The system is no longer responsive to everyday stimuli; the only thing that is rewarding is the drug. That is how drugs change the person’s life priority. After some time, even the drug loses its ability to reward and higher doses are required to achieve the rewarding effect. This ultimately leads to drug overdose. Caption author (Arabic) Weza Tato Category Education License Standard YouTube License SHOW LESS COMMENTS • 35 Oscar del Rosario Add a public comment... Top comments 1010 10101 week ago Easily understood.Thanks. Reply Alila Medical Media Alila Medical Media1 week ago Thanks for watching! Reply no more wasted time no more wasted time3 weeks ago Can you do a video on meth overdoses that cause death IM curious about the number of deaths by overdose Reply Bluestarwarrior1 Bluestarwarrior12 months ago Awesome video. This video will be a perfect to use to explain drug addiction for my school project. Reply Brian Griffin Brian Griffin6 months ago Oversimplification of an extremely complex mechanism Reply 5 immer besser immer besser2 weeks ago Do the chemicals in the cigarette also play a role in how nicotine affects the brain? What about vaping e-liquid that has 3mg nicotine in it? It's not as bad as smoke in the lungs, but does it have the same effects as cigarettes with nicotine even though it doesn't have all of the other chemicals? Reply Alila Medical Media Alila Medical Media2 weeks ago Not sure if there are conclusive studies about other chemicals in the cigarettes. However, as long as you consume nicotine, it has the same effect on dependence. The dose may be lower and no smoke is better than smoke, but long-term studies would be needed to access the effect of e-cigarettes. Reply 1 Mr Wolf Mr Wolf4 months ago yeah, very good explanation Reply sameer patel sameer patel5 months ago great piece of information. Reply Scott Young Scott Young2 months ago What about marijuana? I would love to know how much dopamine that gives out Reply 2 View all 6 replies Abdul Hannan Abdul Hannan2 days ago Hоw to bооooоst your brain рowеr in 14 days => https://twitter.com/d9cddf62126c5d4e5/status/804578733948444672 ММechanism оf Drug Addiсcсtion in theee Brаin Animation Reply Mr Wolf Mr Wolf4 months ago good video ! Reply Vishakha Jaglian Vishakha Jaglian1 year ago Excellent explantion Reply Ransom Locke Ransom Locke1 year ago what the hell is hungry? Reply 1 Montealto Dodong Montealto Dodong1 year ago lol Reply 1 MrEVERSON852 MrEVERSON8529 months ago There are many factors in giving up smoking including eg motivation and help from family. One place I discovered that succeeds in merging these is the Quit Smoking Crusher (check it out on google) without a doubt the most useful idea that I've seen. look at all the site and super reviews. Reply Scott Young Scott Young2 months ago Take the three day no smoking challenge after three days of forcing yourself to not smoke it becomes way easier. Reply Near Bagali Near Bagali7 months ago Great stuff. can I down load it for educational purposes Reply Alila Medical Media Alila Medical Media7 months ago +Near Bagali You are welcomed to share/link to/embed the Youtube video, but if you need to download please purchase a license on our website. Thank you. Reply The Discovery House The Discovery House1 year ago If you or a loved one is struggling with a substance abuse addiction, now is the time to get help. Contact us toll-free at (877) 628-1450 From detox to sobriety, The Discovery House utilizes a variety of treatment programs that allow each client to receive the individualized care they deserve care to end their dependence on alcohol and/or drugs, such as heroin and other opiates. Read more Reply 1 View all 5 replies Brian Griffin Brian Griffin6 months ago flagged as spam ...good day Reply Abraham Blamo Abraham Blamo3 months ago So very educative. Thanks Reply sitroontre sitroontre1 year ago Brilliant video! Thank you! Reply Naz 95 Naz 951 year ago (edited) so helpful, please make more to cover GABA inhibition, glutamate on learning, & cannabinoid inhibition, it would be the best if you could! Reply 1 M Coo M Coo1 year ago Very easy to understand. Good video!!! Reply GoGoGamble GoGoGamble1 year ago This video just might have saved me on my exam today Reply 4 Lenny Singleton Lenny Singleton8 months ago I think we should be treating drug addiction as a health issue vs. a criminal issue. The way we do it is costing us horribly both financially and in overall morale. We created a war on our own people in the 80's and 90's with the epidemic of crack cocaine on African Americans. At that time the name of the game was mass incarceration and harsher sentencing and we called it a war on drugs - a war on our own people. There have been many casualties in that war. We need to reevaluate many of those harsher sentences. Especially, as now it is scientifically proven that harsher drugs like crack cocaine high-jack the brain. Let me give you just one example - just one of literally thousands - of someone whose sentence should be reconsidered, especially in light of the new thoughts about addiction -- Lenny Singleton (shown in the profile pic). Lenny committed 8 "grab & dash" robberies in a 7 day period while high on alcohol and crack cocaine to fund his crack addiction. He did not have a gun. He did not kill anyone. In fact, no one was physically injured and not one person filed against him as a "victim." He stole a total of less than $550 and these were his first felonies. He wasn't part of a gang or a habitual criminal. He earned a college degree and served in our Navy before he allowed his addiction to destroy his life. What he needed was some help with his addiction. What he got was 2 Life Sentences plus 100 years with no chance of parole. The judge, without any explanation to Lenny or the courtroom as documented by his court transcripts, sentenced Lenny to more time than repeat violent offenders, rapists, child molesters, and murderers. Lenny would be the first to tell you he needed to do some time, but he didn't need to have his life taken away from him. Murderers in the state that Lenny is incarcerated in have been given 17 years and will walk free while Lenny remains in prison. Lenny, while incarcerated these past 20+ years, works every business day in a position of authority, lives in the Honor's Dorm, takes every available class for self-improvement offered, and in his spare time, he has co-authored and published a book to help others headed down the same path called, "Love Conquers All," available now on Amazon. During the entire 20+ years he has been in prison, he has not received a single infraction for anything - very rare for lifers. He is deserving of a second chance. To keep Lenny behind bars for the rest of his life will cost taxpayers well over a million dollars - for stealing less than $550 in crimes where no one was physically injured. This makes absolutely no sense on any level. And smarter sentencing in Lenny's case would be a reduction of cost to the American taxpayer. His case should be reconsidered. That million plus dollars would be better spent on rehabilitation services or preventative education or rebuilding infrastructures - anything rather than keeping 1 man who stole less than $550 in crimes where no one was physically injured behind bars for the rest of his life. When you multiple this by the literally thousands of cases all across the country you begin to understand the magnitude of the problem. It is time for true criminal justice reform in this country. Please learn more about Lenny Singleton and sign his petition at www.justice4lenny.org. Justice will not have been served if Lenny dies in prison. Read more Reply 2 Brian Griffin Brian Griffin6 months ago Agreed! I wish more people shared a viewpoint such as yours! Reply